The Intra Ocular Lens implant replaces the natural lens of the eye as part of the surgery to correct cataracts. Light rays can pass through the lens of the eye easily if it is clear. As a cataract develops, the lens becomes cloudy and opaque. Due to the distorted lens, light rays are no longer able to pass through easily. The most common cause of blindness among older people is cataracts.
A lens is the clear, transparent window that sits behind the pupil of each eye. The lens directs light towards the retina, which then sends it to the brain.
Polymethylmethacrylate, also known as Perspex or Plexiglas, was chosen because it is inserted in the eyes. These days, PMMA lenses are rarely used since the material is rigid and cannot be folded. It requires a larger incision to place it inside the eye. The use of silicone and acrylic in intraocular lenses has grown as popular with technological advancements. They are soft and foldable, allowing them to be inserted through a much smaller incision.
The two types of intraocular lens implants are pseudophakic IOL and the phakic Intra Ocular Lens. The pseudophakic lens is the most common type of IOL used, which replaces the natural crystalline lens affected by cataract. The pseudophakic lens then performs the function of the natural lens. The phakic lens, on the other hand, is placed over the already present natural lens during refractive surgery to correct the optical power of the eye to treat near-sightedness or myopia.
Implantation of intraocular lenses is the most common eye surgery procedure. There are two types of cataract surgery : phacoemulsification and extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE). In ECCE, the lens is removed in its entirety, but its posterior capsule is not removed. It is performed using suction in order to remove minute pieces of the naturally diseased lens using phacoemulsification (Phako).
The advantages of IOL implantation vary based on various IOLs. The following are the benefits of different IOLs:
Monofocal IOL provides you with good vision for distance, that too without glasses. Especially, the aspheric monofocal lens helps you by giving clearer vision in dim light and restricts glare and halos.
Toric IOL corrects significant cylindrical power and sharpens the distance vision without glasses.
Multifocal IOL also helps in enhancing good vision for both, distant and nearby objects. It also tackles with the issues of glare and halos during the night.
Trifocal IOL (or Panoptix) helps in better light transmission. In addition to this, it lowers the chance of glare and halos at night. They also help to enhance good computer vision.
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